Asayansi aku America apanga mtundu watsopano wa batri yosungunuka yamchere, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa kusungirako mphamvu ya gridi pamtengo wotsika komanso wotsika mtengo.

Ndi kukwera kosalekeza kwa magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, njira zopangira zopangira zimafunika kuti zisunge mphamvu zapakatikati kuchokera ku chilengedwe. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi batri yosungunuka yamchere, yomwe imapereka zabwino zomwe mabatire a lithiamu alibe, koma mavuto ena ayenera kuthetsedwa.

Asayansi ku Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia National Laboratories) pansi pa US National Nuclear Safety Administration akonza njira yatsopano yomwe ingathetsere zofookazi ndikuwonetsa batire yatsopano yosungunuka yamchere yogwirizana ndi mtundu womwe ulipo. Poyerekeza, batire yamtunduwu yosungira mphamvu imatha kumangidwa motsika mtengo ndikusunga mphamvu zambiri.

Kusunga mphamvu zambiri zotsika mtengo komanso moyenera ndiye chinsinsi chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezera mphamvu mumzinda wonse. Ngakhale ili ndi zabwino zambiri, izi ndi zomwe teknoloji ya batri ya lithiamu yamtengo wapatali imasowa. Mabatire amchere osungunuka ndi njira yotsika mtengo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma electrode omwe amakhalabe osungunuka mothandizidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

"Takhala tikugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti tichepetse kutentha kwa ntchito kwa mabatire osungunuka a sodium mpaka kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi," anatero Leo Small, wofufuza wamkulu wa polojekitiyi. "Ngakhale kuchepetsa kutentha kwa batri, kungathenso kuchepetsa mtengo wonse. Mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo. Mabatire amafunikira kusungunula kochepa, ndipo mawaya olumikiza mabatire onse amatha kukhala ochepa."

Pazamalonda, batire yamtunduwu imatchedwa sodium-sulfur battery. Ena mwa mabatirewa apangidwa padziko lonse lapansi, koma nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwa 520 mpaka 660 ° F (270 mpaka 350 ° C). Cholinga cha timu ya Sandia n’chochepa kwambiri, ngakhale kuti kuchita zimenezi kumafuna kuganizanso mozama chifukwa mankhwala amene amagwira ntchito potentha kwambiri si oyenera kugwira ntchito potentha kwambiri.

Zimamveka kuti mapangidwe atsopano a asayansi ali ndi zitsulo zamadzimadzi za sodium ndi mtundu watsopano wa madzi osakaniza. Kusakaniza kwamadzi kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi sodium iodide ndi gallium chloride, zomwe asayansi amazitcha catholyte.

Kachitidwe ka mankhwala kumachitika batire ikatulutsa mphamvu, kupanga ma ayoni a sodium ndi ma elekitironi akudutsa muzolekanitsa zosankhidwa bwino ndikupanga mchere wosungunuka wa iodide mbali inayo.

Batire iyi ya sodium-sulfure imatha kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kwa 110 ° C. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi itatu ya kuyezetsa kwa labotale, idalipitsidwa ndikutulutsidwa nthawi zopitilira 400, kutsimikizira kufunika kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, magetsi ake ndi 3.6 volts, omwe asayansi amati ndi 40% apamwamba kuposa mabatire amchere osungunuka pamsika, motero amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Wolemba kafukufuku wina, dzina lake Martha Gross, anati: “Chifukwa cha catholyte yatsopano imene tafotokoza m’nkhani ino, ndife osangalala kwambiri ndi mmene mphamvu ingaikitsire m’dongosololi. koma iwo sanakhalepo. Palibe amene analankhulapo za iwo. Choncho, ndi bwino kukwanitsa kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kubweretsanso deta ina ndi kunena, 'Iyi ndi dongosolo lothekadi.'

Asayansi tsopano akuyang’ana pa kuchepetsa mtengo wa mabatire, umene ungapezeke mwa kulowetsa m’malo mwa gallium chloride, womwe ndi wokwera mtengo kuŵirikiza ka 100 kuposa mchere wa patebulo. Iwo adanena kuti teknolojiyi ikadali zaka 5 mpaka 10 kuchokera ku malonda, koma zomwe zimapindulitsa kwa iwo ndi chitetezo cha batri chifukwa sichimapanga ngozi yamoto.

"Ichi ndi chisonyezero choyamba cha kuzungulira kwa nthawi yaitali kwa batri yosungunuka ya sodium," anatero wolemba kafukufuku Erik Spoerke. "Matsenga athu ndikuti tatsimikiza mchere wa mchere ndi electrochemistry, zomwe zimatilola kuti tizigwira ntchito bwino pa 230 ° F. Ntchito. Mapangidwe otsika kwambiri a sodium iodide ndi kusintha kwa mabatire osungunuka a sodium."