Kafukufuku wa Mayendedwe Akutukuka kwa Magalimoto Oyenda Pansi pa Madzi Panyanja Yakuya (AUVs)

Pamene mayiko padziko lonse lapansi akuyang'ana kwambiri za ufulu ndi zofuna zapanyanja, zida zapamadzi, kuphatikizapo zida zotsutsana ndi sitima zapamadzi ndi zotsutsana ndi migodi, zakhala zikusintha kuti zikhale zamakono, zotsika mtengo, komanso kuchepetsa ovulala. Chifukwa chake, njira zomenyera nkhondo zapansi pamadzi zosayendetsedwa ndi anthu zakhala malo ofunikira kwambiri pakufufuza za zida zankhondo padziko lonse lapansi, ndikufikira m'madzi akuya. Ma AUV a m'nyanja yakuya, omwe akugwira ntchito m'madzi akuya kwambiri okhala ndi malo ovuta komanso malo okhala ndi ma hydrological, akhala ngati mutu wovuta kwambiri pankhaniyi chifukwa chofuna kupititsa patsogolo matekinoloje ambiri ofunikira.

Ma AUV a m'nyanja yakuya amasiyana kwambiri ndi ma AUV a m'madzi osaya kwambiri potengera kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zolinga zamapangidwe zimaphatikizira kukana kukanikiza komanso kusinthika komwe kungayambitse ngozi zotayikira. Kulinganiza zinthu kumadza ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi pakuwonjezeka kwakuya, zomwe zimakhudza kusuntha komanso kufunikira koyenera kukonzedwa mosamala kuti zisinthidwe. Mavuto oyenda panyanja akuphatikiza kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe pakuwongolera njira zoyendetsera ma inertia mu ma AUV akuzama akunyanja, zomwe zimafuna mayankho anzeru.

Mkhalidwe Wamakono ndi Makhalidwe a Deep-Sea AUVs

1. Kutukuka Kwapadziko Lonse Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wam'nyanja, matekinoloje ofunikira mu ma AUV akuzama awona kupita patsogolo kwakukulu. Mayiko ambiri akupanga ma AUV a m'nyanja yakuya kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zankhondo komanso anthu wamba, okhala ndi mitundu yopitilira khumi ndi iwiri padziko lonse lapansi. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi ECA Gulu la France, Hydroid yaku USA, ndi mndandanda wa HUGIN waku Norway, pakati pa ena. China ikufufuzanso mwachangu m'derali, pozindikira kufunikira kokulirakulira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma AUV akuzama anyanja.
2. Ma Model Enieni ndi Mphamvu Zawo
   • REMUS6000: AUV ya m'nyanja yakuya yopangidwa ndi Hydroid yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito mozama mpaka 6000m, yokhala ndi masensa oyezera momwe madzi alili komanso kupanga mapu.
   • Bluefin-21: AUV yokhazikika kwambiri yolembedwa ndi Tuna Robotics, USA, yoyenera mishoni zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza kufufuza, zoyeserera za migodi, komanso kufufuza zinthu zakale.

• • Mndandanda wamalonda wa magawo HUGIN: Ma AUV aku Norwegian omwe amadziwika ndi mphamvu zawo zazikulu komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba wa sensa, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyeserera migodi ndikuwunika mwachangu zachilengedwe.

• • Explorer Class AUVs: Wopangidwa ndi ISE waku Canada, awa ndi ma AUV osunthika okhala ndi kuya kopitilira 3000m komanso kuthekera kolemetsa kosiyanasiyana.

• • CR-2 Deep-Sea AUV: Mtundu waku China wopangidwira zowunikira pansi pamadzi komanso zowunikira zachilengedwe, zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito mozama 6000m.

• • Poseidon 6000 Deep-Sea AUV: AUV yaku China yosaka ndikupulumutsa panyanja yakuzama, yokhala ndi zida zapamwamba za sonar ndi matekinoloje ena ozindikira.

Matekinoloje Ofunika Pakutukula kwa Deep-Sea AUV

1. Power and Energy Technologies: Kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwamagetsi, chitetezo, komanso kukonza mosavuta ndikofunikira, mabatire a lithiamu-ion amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
2. Navigation and Positioning Technologies: Kuphatikizira kuyenda kwa inrtial ndi ma Doppler velocimeters ndi zothandizira zina kuti mukwaniritse kulondola kwambiri.
3. Underwater Communication Technologies: Kafukufuku amayang'ana kwambiri pakukweza kuchulukana kwa matenda opatsirana komanso kudalirika ngakhale pamakhala zovuta m'madzi.
4. Autonomous Task Control Technologies: Zimaphatikizapo kukonzekera mwanzeru ndi kusinthika kwa ntchito, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti mishoni ichite bwino.

Zam'tsogolo mu Deep-Sea AUVs

Kupanga ma AUV a m'nyanja yakuya kukuyenda pang'onopang'ono, nzeru, kutumizidwa mwachangu, komanso kuyankha. Kusinthaku kumaphatikizapo magawo atatu: luso laukadaulo wapanyanja yakuzama, kupanga matekinoloje olipira malipiro ndi njira zogwirira ntchito, ndikuwongolera ma AUV kuti azigwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, zogwira ntchito bwino, komanso zodalirika zapansi pamadzi.