Katundu wowuma mitundu isanu ndi inayi yowunikira batire yosungira mphamvu ndi chidule cha zolephera

Kusungirako mphamvu makamaka kumatanthauza kusungirako mphamvu zamagetsi. Kusungirako mphamvu ndi mawu enanso m'malo osungira mafuta, omwe akuyimira kuthekera kwa dziwe kusunga mafuta ndi gasi. Kusungirako mphamvu palokha si teknoloji yomwe ikubwera, koma kuchokera kuzinthu zamakampani, izo zangotuluka kumene ndipo zangoyamba kumene.

Pakadali pano, China sichinafike pamlingo womwe United States ndi Japan zimatengera kusungirako mphamvu ngati bizinesi yodziyimira pawokha ndikupereka mfundo zothandizira. Makamaka ngati palibe njira yolipira yosungira mphamvu, chitsanzo cha malonda a mafakitale osungiramo mphamvu sichinapangidwe.

Mabatire a lead-acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mphamvu zama batire amphamvu kwambiri, makamaka popangira magetsi adzidzidzi, magalimoto a mabatire, ndi kusungirako mphamvu zochulukirapo pafakitale. Ikhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire owuma omwe amatha kuwonjezeredwa pamagetsi otsika kwambiri, monga mabatire a nickel-metal hydride, mabatire a lithiamu-ion, etc. Nkhaniyi ikutsatira mkonzi kuti amvetse ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mitundu isanu ndi inayi yosungira mphamvu ya batri.

1. Batire ya asidi

ubwino waukulu:

1. Zopangirazo zimapezeka mosavuta, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wochepa;
2. Kuchita bwino kwa kutulutsa kwakukulu;
3. Kuchita bwino kwa kutentha, kumatha kugwira ntchito m'malo -40 ~ +60 ℃;
4. Yoyenera kuthamangitsa zoyandama, moyo wautali wautumiki, komanso osakumbukira;
5. Mabatire ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osavuta kukonzanso, amathandiza kuteteza chilengedwe.

Zoyipa zazikulu:

1. Mphamvu zochepa, nthawi zambiri 30-40Wh/kg;
2. Moyo wautumiki suli wabwino ngati wa mabatire a Cd/Ni;
3. Njira yopangira zinthu ndiyosavuta kuyipitsa chilengedwe ndipo iyenera kukhala ndi zida zitatu zopangira zinyalala.
4. Ni-MH batire

ubwino waukulu:

1. Poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lead-acid, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala bwino kwambiri, kulemera kwa mphamvu ndi 65Wh / kg, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya voliyumu kumawonjezeka ndi 200Wh / L;
2. Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kumatha kulipira ndikutulutsa ndi mphamvu yayikulu;
3. Makhalidwe abwino otsika otsika kutentha;
4. Moyo wozungulira (mpaka nthawi 1000);
5. Kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kusaipitsa;
6. Tekinolojeyi ndi yokhwima kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion.

Zoyipa zazikulu:

1. Yachibadwa ntchito kutentha osiyanasiyana -15 ~ 40 ℃, ndi mkulu-kutentha ntchito ndi osauka;
2. Mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndiyotsika, mtundu wamagetsi ogwirira ntchito ndi 1.0 ~ 1.4V;
3. Mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kuposa mabatire a lead-acid ndi mabatire a nickel-metal hydride, koma magwiridwe antchito ndi oyipa kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion.
4. Batteri ya lithiamu-ion

ubwino waukulu:

1. Mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni;
2. High voteji nsanja;
3. Kuchita bwino kozungulira;
4. Palibe kukumbukira zotsatira;
5. Chitetezo cha chilengedwe, palibe kuipitsa; pano ndi imodzi mwamabatire amphamvu kwambiri agalimoto yamagetsi.
6. Supercapacitors

ubwino waukulu:

1. Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu;
2. Kulipira kwakanthawi kochepa.

Zoyipa zazikulu:

Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kochepa, kokha 1-10Wh / kg, ndipo maulendo amtundu wa supercapacitor ndiafupi kwambiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati magetsi opangira magetsi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa batire yosungira mphamvu (mitundu isanu ndi inayi yowunikira batire yosungira mphamvu)

5. Maselo amafuta

ubwino waukulu:

1. Mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni komanso mtunda wautali woyendetsa;
2. Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kumatha kulipira ndikutulutsa ndi mphamvu yayikulu;
3. Chitetezo cha chilengedwe, palibe kuipitsa.

Zoyipa zazikulu:

1. Dongosololi ndi lovuta, ndipo kukula kwaukadaulo kumakhala kovutirapo;
2. Kumanga kwa hydrogen supply system kukucheperachepera;
3. Pali zofunika kwambiri sulfure dioxide mu mlengalenga. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'nyumba, magalimoto amafuta apanyumba amakhala ndi moyo waufupi.
4. Battery ya sodium-sulfure

Ubwino:

1. Mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni (zoyerekeza 760wh/kg; zenizeni 390wh/kg);
2. Mphamvu yayikulu (kachulukidwe kakutulutsa komwe kamatha kufika 200～300mA/cm2);
3. Kuthamanga kwachangu (30min yodzaza);
4. Moyo wautali (zaka 15; kapena nthawi 2500 mpaka 4500);
5. Palibe zoipitsa, zobwezeretsedwanso (Na, S kuchira kwapafupifupi 100%); 6. Palibe chodzidzimutsa chodzidzimutsa, kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu;

osakwanira:

1. Kutentha kwa ntchito kumakhala kwakukulu, kutentha kwa ntchito kuli pakati pa 300 ndi 350 madigiri, ndipo batire imafunika kutentha ndi kusungirako kutentha pamene ikugwira ntchito, ndipo kuyambika kumachedwa;
2. Mtengo ndi wokwera, yuan 10,000 pa digiri;
3. Chitetezo chochepa.

Zisanu ndi ziwiri, batire yothamanga (banadium batire)

ntchito:

1. Kutulutsa kotetezeka komanso kozama;
2. Kukula kwakukulu, kukula kwa thanki yosungirako yopanda malire;
3. Pali chiwongola dzanja chachikulu ndi kutulutsa;
4. Moyo wautali ndi kudalirika kwakukulu;
5. Palibe mpweya, phokoso lochepa;
6. Kuthamangitsa mwachangu ndikusintha kusintha, masekondi 0.02 okha;
7. Kusankhidwa kwa malo sikudalira zoletsa za malo.

cholephera:

1. kuipitsidwa kwa ma electrolyte abwino ndi oipa;
2. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba yosinthanitsa ndi ayoni yodula;
3. Njira ziwirizi zili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso mphamvu zochepa;
4. The mphamvu kutembenuka Mwachangu si mkulu.
5. Batire ya lithiamu-mpweya

Kuopsa kowopsa:

Chinthu cholimba cha lithiamu oxide (Li2O), chimadziunjikira pa electrode yabwino, kutsekereza kulumikizana pakati pa electrolyte ndi mpweya, ndikupangitsa kuti kutulutsako kuyime. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti mabatire a lithiamu-mpweya ali ndi mphamvu zowirikiza kakhumi kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndipo amapereka mphamvu yofanana ndi mafuta. Mabatire a lithiamu-mpweya amatulutsa mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga kuti mabatire akhale ang'onoang'ono komanso opepuka. Ma laboratories ambiri padziko lonse lapansi akufufuza zaukadaulowu, koma zingatenge zaka khumi kuti akwaniritse malonda ngati palibe chopambana.

9. Lithiamu-sulfure batri

(Mabatire a lithiamu-sulfure ndi njira yodalirika yosungira mphamvu zambiri)

ntchito:

1. Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kachulukidwe kamphamvu kawongoyerekeza amatha kufikira 2600Wh/kg;
2. Mtengo wotsika wa zipangizo;
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa;
4. Low kawopsedwe.

Ngakhale kafukufuku wa batri ya lithiamu-sulfure wadutsa zaka makumi ambiri ndipo zopindula zambiri zakhala zikuchitika m'zaka khumi zapitazi, pali njira yayitali yopitira kuchokera ku ntchito zothandiza.