John Goodenough: Wopambana Nobel ndi Mpainiya wa Lithium Battery Technology

John Goodenough, yemwe adalandira Mphotho ya Nobel ali ndi zaka 97, ndi umboni wa mawu oti "Goodenough" - ndithudi, wakhala woposa "wabwino mokwanira" pokonza moyo wake komanso tsogolo laumunthu.

Goodenough anabadwa pa July 25, 1922, ku United States, ndipo paubwana wake anali yekhayekha. Kuopseza kosalekeza kwa chisudzulo pakati pa makolo ake ndi mchimwene wake wamkulu wotanganidwa ndi moyo wake kunapangitsa kuti Goodenough nthawi zambiri apeze chitonthozo ali yekha, ndi galu wake yekha, Mack, wa kampani. Polimbana ndi vuto la dyslexia, maphunziro ake sanali apamwamba. Komabe, chikondi chake pa chirengedwe, chinakula pamene ankayendayenda m’nkhalango, kugwira agulugufe ndi nyama zakutchire, kunakulitsa chilakolako chofufuza ndi kumvetsa zinsinsi za chilengedwe.

Popanda chikondi cha amayi komanso kuyang'anizana ndi chisudzulo cha makolo ake pazaka zake zofunika kwambiri za kusekondale, Goodenough anali wofunitsitsa kuchita bwino m'maphunziro. Ngakhale anali ndi mavuto azachuma komanso kugwira ntchito zaganyu kuti akwaniritse maphunziro ake ku Yale University, adapirira zaka zake zomaliza maphunziro, ngakhale analibe chidwi ndi maphunziro.

Moyo wa Goodenough unasintha pamene adagwira ntchito ku US Air Force panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, kenako anasintha kuti akwaniritse maloto ake a sayansi ku yunivesite ya Chicago. Ngakhale kuti poyamba ankakayikira aprofesa ake chifukwa cha msinkhu wake, Goodenough sanakhumudwe. maphunziro ake udokotala mu sayansi ya sayansi pa Chicago University ndi wotsatira zaka 24 pa MIT a Lincoln Laboratory, kumene iye delved mu lifiyamu-ion kayendedwe mu zolimba ndi maziko kafukufuku ziwiya zadothi olimba-boma, anayala maziko a zimene adzachita m'tsogolo.

Inali vuto lamafuta la 1973 lomwe lidayambitsa chidwi cha Goodenough pakusunga mphamvu. Mu 1976, pakati mabala bajeti, iye anasamukira ku University of Oxford a Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, chosonyeza kusintha kwambiri mu ntchito yake pa zaka 54. Apa, iye anayamba groundbreaking ntchito yake pa lithiamu mabatire.

Kafukufuku wa Goodenough kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, nthawi yomwe zida zamagetsi zidayamba kutchuka, zinali zofunika kwambiri. Iye anayamba batire latsopano lifiyamu ntchito lithiamu cobalt okusayidi ndi graphite, amene anali yaying'ono, anali ndi mphamvu apamwamba, ndipo anali otetezeka kuposa Mabaibulo akale. Kupanga kumeneku kunasintha ukadaulo wa batri ya lithiamu-ion, kuchepetsa ndalama komanso kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo, ngakhale sanapindulepo ndi ndalama kuchokera kumakampani ochulukitsa mabiliyoni ambiri.

Mu 1986, atabwerera ku US, Goodenough anapitiriza kafukufuku wake ku yunivesite ya Texas ku Austin. Mu 1997, ali ndi zaka 75, adapeza phosphate yachitsulo ya lithiamu, yotsika mtengo komanso yotetezeka ya cathode, yomwe ikupita patsogolo luso lamagetsi lamagetsi. Ngakhale ali ndi zaka 90, adasintha maganizo ake ku mabatire olimba, kusonyeza kuphunzira ndi kufunafuna moyo wonse.

Ali ndi zaka 97, atalandira Mphotho ya Nobel, Goodenough sanali mathero ake. Akupitilizabe kugwira ntchito, akufuna kupanga batire yapamwamba kwambiri yosungira mphamvu za dzuwa ndi mphepo. Masomphenya ake ndikuwona dziko lopanda mpweya wagalimoto, loto lomwe akuyembekeza kukwaniritsa m'moyo wake.

Ulendo wa moyo wa John Goodenough, womwe umadziwika ndi kuphunzira kosalekeza komanso kuthana ndi zovuta, ukuwonetsa kuti sikunachedwe kukwaniritsa ukulu. Nkhani yake ikupitirira pamene akutsata mosalekeza chidziwitso ndi luso.